Although neuroimaging is an indispensible tool for psychiatric reseach, its clinical utility is questionable until new modalities become more accessible and regularly used in clinical practice. Magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging and radionuclide imaging are such techniques that are currently used in neuroimaging.
Neuroimaging in Antisocial Personality Disorderĭirectory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)įull Text Available Neuroimaging has been used in antisocial personality disorder since the invention of computed tomography and new modalities are introduced as technology advances. As such, the characteristics and research findings drawn from the psychopathy research may not be relevant for those For example, research shows that between 50% and 80% of prisoners meet the criteria for a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder, yet only approximately 15% of prisoners would be expected to be psychopathic, as assessed by the PCL-R. As currently construed, the diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder grossly over-identifies people, particularly those with offence histories, as meeting the criteria for the diagnosis. As such, the research and clinical implications of psychopathy, as operationalised by the PCL-R, cannot be readily extrapolated to the diagnoses of antisocial personality disorder and dissocial personality disorder. The PCL-R assesses both personality (interpersonal and affective) and behavioural (lifestyle and antisocial) deficits. Since 1980, a great deal of research on these disorders has been conducted, using the Hare Psychopathy Checklist, Revised (PCL-R).
The ICD criteria for dissocial personality disorder, while paying more attention to affective deficits, also do not represent the broad personality and behavioural components of psychopathy. The DSM-IV-TR criteria for antisocial personality disorder, in particular, are largely behaviourally based. Consideration is given to the assessment, prevalence, and implications of psychopathy for violence risk and treatment efficacy. The diagnostic criteria for psychopathy, antisocial personality disorder, and dissocial personality disorder are compared. In this article, the relevant historical and contemporary literature concerning psychopathy is briefly reviewed. Although often used interchangeably, the diagnostic constructs of psychopathy, antisocial personality disorder, and dissocial personality disorder are distinct. Psychopathy has traditionally been characterised as a disorder primarily of personality (particularly affective deficits) and, to a lesser extent, behaviour. Psychopathy/ antisocial personality disorder conundrum.
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